Nationally determined contributions: working towards improved international climate and health law

The World Health Organization identifies climate change as the biggest health threat facing humanity. In view of this, one might expect health to feature heavily in the international legal framework regarding climate change, mainly composed of the 1992 Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 2015 Paris Agreement. The word “health” is indeed mentioned in two places in the UNFCCC. The first mention occurs where “adverse effects of climate change” are explained as “changes in the physical environment or biota resulting from climate change, which have significant deleterious effects on the composition, resilience or productivity of natural and managed ecosystems or on the operation of socioeconomic systems or on human health and welfare.” The second mention refers to the obligations of Parties to take “climate change considerations into account, to the extent feasible, in their relevant social, economic and environmental policies and actions, and employ appropriate methods, for example…
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